Detainees in Libya's al-Hamra migrant detention centre - photo by Daniel Etter/Redux

Libya:  Tragic Year for Human Rights

Human rights conditions in Libya regressed sharply in 2014, reaching a low point since the end of the uprising that toppled Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Human Rights Watch said today in its World Report 2015.
In the 656-page world report, its 25th edition, Human Rights Watch reviews human rights practices in more than 90 countries. In his introductory essay, Executive Director Kenneth Roth urges governments to recognize that human rights offer an effective moral guide in turbulent times, and that violating rights can spark or aggravate serious security challenges. The short-term gains of undermining core values of freedom and non-discrimination are rarely worth the long-term price.
In its Libya review, Human Rights Watch highlighted a rising toll of assassinations by unidentified assailants of activists, journalists, politicians, and members of the armed forces, that likely amount to crimes against humanity. At least 250 such killings occurred between January and September in the eastern cities of Benghazi and Derna alone. An international Commission of Inquiry or similar mechanism is needed to investigate these and other serious crimes and to publish its findings.
Militias engaged in the armed conflicts committed war crimes, including attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure, looting, burning, and kidnapping. Some militias in Derna announced their affiliation to the extremist group Islamic State (also known as ISIS). The groups terrorized residents and imposed a harsh administration in the areas they control with public executions, lashings, and requirements for public repentance for those they considered to be “infidels.”
Libya’s justice system scarcely functioned, as growing insecurity led courts and prosecutors to suspend activities in Benghazi and other cities. Thousands remained in arbitrary detention outside of state control, even after armed conflicts broke out, and faced torture and other ill-treatment and a failure of due process guarantees.
The International Criminal Court prosecutor, who has jurisdiction over serious crimes committed in Libya since February 15, 2011, has not pursued additional cases into ongoing grave abuses, citing instability in Libya and lack of resources as obstacles to further probes by her office.
The United Nations Security Council adopted resolution 2174, which threatens perpetrators of serious crimes with sanctions, including travel bans and asset freezes, but so far has failed to deliver on the threat.  HRW.org